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Računalniški kognitivni trening pri otrocih in mladostnikih z lažjo motnjo v duševnem razvoju
Nastasija Mahne, Karin Bakračevič in Vojko Kavčič
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 98 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 7. maj 2021
https://doi.org/10.20419/2021.30.534 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: Več študij je preučevalo bližnje in daljne transferne učinke kognitivnega treninga (predvsem treninga delovnega spomina), a je bilo le malo študij narejenih na populaciji otrok z lažjo motnjo v duševnem razvoju. Iz tega razloga smo želeli v naši raziskavi preveriti, kakšne učinke ima računalniški kognitivni trening – virtualni labirint – na kognitivne funkcije otrok z lažjo motnjo v duševnem razvoju. V raziskavi so nas še posebej zanimali učinki treninga na izvršilne funkcije in nekatere z njimi povezane kognitivne funkcije: preklapljanje med mentalnimi seti, verbalno fluentnost, delovni spomin, dolgotrajni spomin in hitrost procesiranja. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 21 učencev, 11 v eksperimentalni in 10 v kontrolni skupini. Vključili smo učence od 4. do 9. razreda, stari so bili od 10 do 19 let. Eksperimentalna skupina je trening izvajala 12-krat po 35 minut. Intervencija je potekala skupinsko, dvakrat na teden. Kontrolna skupina je bila pasivna in ni izvajala nobenih aktivnosti. Pred in po končanih treningih smo udeležence v kontrolni in eksperimentalni skupini testirali z nevropsihološkimi testi in računalniško baterijo CogState. Rezultati so pokazali pomembne izboljšave pri eksperimentalni skupini v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino na Reyjevem slušno-verbalnem testu (s katerim preverjamo kognitivne sposobnosti na področju slušno-besednega spomina), pri meri skupnega števila priklicanih besed (vsoti preizkusov od I do III) ter na preizkusu po interferenci (preizkusu IV). Pomembne izboljšave pri eksperimentalni skupini v primerjavi s kontrolno pa so se pokazale tudi pri Testu povezovanja – delu A, ki preverja motorično hitrost. Najmočnejši je bil torej učinek treninga na hitrost procesiranja vidnih informacij in besedni spomin.
Ključne besede: računalniški kognitivni trening, otroci z lažjo motnjo v duševnem razvoju, izvršilne funkcije, spomin, hitrost procesiranja informacij
Citiraj:
Mahne, N., Bakračevič, K. in Kavčič, V. (2021). Računalniški kognitivni trening pri otrocih in mladostnikih z lažjo motnjo v duševnem razvoju [Computerised cognitive training in pupils with mild intellectual disability]. Psihološka obzorja, 30, 79–87. https://doi.org/10.20419/2021.30.534
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