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Horizons of Psychology :: Psihološka obzorja

Scientific and Professional Psychological Journal of the Slovenian Psychologists' Association

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« Back to Volume 22 (2013)

flag Pojdi na slovensko stran članka / Go to the article page in Slovene


Development of arithmetical abilities

Tatjana Levstek, Tina Bregant & Anja Podlesek

pdf Full text (pdf)  |  Views: 133  |  flagWritten in Slovene.  |  Published: February 4, 2014

pdf https://doi.org/10.20419/2013.22.383  |  Cited By: CrossRef (2)

Abstract: Arithmetic (from the word 'arithmos' which means 'numbers') is an elementary branch of mathematics. Numeracy is essential for understanding mathematics, so the development of arithmetic abilities has been an area of scientific research for a long time. Recent research has shown that the development of arithmetic abilities is not based only on gaining experience and learning. Some arithmetic abilities, especially the sense of quantity, are innate. Even babies are able to distinguish between groups with different number of elements and they perceive numeracy amodally. Six-month-olds distinguish between two groups with the numeracy ratio of 1 : 2. With age this ratio improves rapidly. Five-year-old children already distinguish between groups with the number ratio 7 : 8. The ability to compare two quantities begins to develop after 15 months of age and children learn how to count spontaneously, together with the acquisition of language. Speech enables children to understand number in its abstract, symbolic sense, thus opening the way to symbolic arithmetic. During the preschool period children use intuition when doing calculations, but in school the arithmetic is based on the knowledge of arithmetical algorithms. So, in order to acquire mathematical knowledge, it is necessary to incorporate memory and automate arithmetical processes, without the use of intuition. However, research has shown that intuition is very important and is even a predictive factor for the development of mathematical abilities throughout the schooling process.

Keywords: numbers, mathematics, mathematical ability, child development


Cite:
Levstek, T., Bregant, T., & Podlesek, A. (2013). Razvoj aritmetičnih sposobnosti [Development of arithmetical abilities]. Psihološka obzorja, 22, 115–121. https://doi.org/10.20419/2013.22.383


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Cited By via CrossRef (2)

Risba kot orodje za vpogled v matematično razumevanje
       Alenka Lipovec, Manja Podgoršek
       Psihološka obzorja / Horizons of Psychology, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.20419/2016.25.452

Methodological issues when interpreting changes in social phenomena over time: Perceptions of relative difference, absolute difference, and time distance
       Katja Prevodnik, Vasja Vehovar
       Sociological Methods & Research, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124120914948


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