« Nazaj na Letnik 21 (2012), Številka 3
Go to the article page in English / Pojdi na angleško stran članka
Relacijska družinska terapija kot ena od metod kompleksne rehabilitacije otrok z motnjo hiperaktivnosti in pozornosti ter njihovih družin
Teja Bandel
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 111 | Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 21. junij 2013
https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.369 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: Motnja hiperaktivnosti in pozornosti (ADHD) je ena od najbolj pogostih duševnih motenj, ki se pojavljajo pri otrocih, in se kaže v obliki težav s pozornostjo ter s simptomi hiperaktivnosti in impulzivnosti, simptomatika pa se ponavadi v nekoliko spremenjeni obliki nadaljuje v obdobja mladostništva in odraslosti. Otroci imajo lahko poleg omenjenega pridružene duševne motnje ali pa težave na posameznih področjih spoznavnega, čustvenega, socialnega ali zdravstvenega delovanja, posledice pa občutijo tudi člani družine. Dejavniki, ki prispevajo k pojavu motnje so različni in mnogoteri, možne oblike obravnav pa obsegajo terapijo z medikamenti, nevrofeedback, družinske intervence in družinsko terapijo. Avtorica na osnovi pregleda novejše znanstvene literature o značilnostih dinamike v družinah z otrokom z ADHD in že uporabljanih družinskih pristopih za zdravljenje predlaga in utemeljuje obravnavo teh otrok in njihovih družin z metodo relacijske družinske terapije.
Ključne besede: motnja pomanjkanja pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo, psihološka obravnava, družinski odnosi, relacijska družinska terapija
Citiraj:
Bandel, T. (2012). Relacijska družinska terapija kot ena od metod kompleksne rehabilitacije otrok z motnjo hiperaktivnosti in pozornosti ter njihovih družin [Relational family therapy as one of the methods for complex rehabilitation of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and their families]. Psihološka obzorja, 21(3), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.369
Seznam literature v članku
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC, ZDA: Avtor.
Anastopoulos, A., Smith, J. M. in Wien, E. E. (1998). Counselling and training parents. V R. A. Barkley (ur.), Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (str. 373–393). New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65–94. CrossRef
Barkley, R. A. (1998a). History. V R. A. Barkley (ur.), Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (str. 1–22). New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Barkley, R. A. (1998b). Primary symptoms, diagnostic criteria, prevalence, and gender differences. V R. A. Barkley (ur.), Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (str. 23–35). New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Barkley, R. A. (1998c). Developmental course, adult outcome, and clinic-referred ADHD adults. V R. A. Barkley (ur.), Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment (str. 112–126). New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Barkley, R. A., DuPaul, G. J. in McMurray, M. B. (1990). Comprehensive evaluation of Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 775–789. CrossRef
Barkley, R. A., Guevremont, D. C., Anastopoulos, A. D. in Fletcher, K. E. (1992). A comparison of three family therapy programs for treating family conflicts in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 450–462. CrossRef
Barkley, R. A., Edwards, G., Laneri, M., Fletcher, K. in Metevia, L. (2001). The efficacy of problem-solving communication training alone, behavior management training alone, and their combination for parent-adolescent conflict in teenagers with ADHD and ODD. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 926–941. CrossRef
Baumgardner, T. L., Singer, H. S., Denckla, M. B., Rubin, M. A., Abrams, M. T., Colli, M. J. in Reiss, A. L. (1996). Corpus callosum morphology in children with Tourette syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neurology, 47, 477–482. CrossRef
Biederman, J., Munir, K., Knee, D., Habelow, W., Armentano, M., Autor, S., Hoge, S. K. in Waternaux, C. (1986). A family study of patients with attention deficit disorder and normal controls. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 20, 263–274. CrossRef
Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Keenan, K., Knee, D. in Tsuang, M. T. (1990). Family-genetic and psychosocial risk factors in DSM-III attention deficit disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 526–533. CrossRef
Biederman, J., Newcorn, J. in Sprich, S. (1991). Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 564–577. CrossRef
Biederman, J., Milberger, S., Faraone, S. V., Kiely, K., Guite, J., Mick, E., Ablon, J. S., Warburton, R. in Reed, E. D. (1995). Impact of adversity on functioning and comorbidity in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1495–1503. CrossRef
Biederman, J., Monuteaux, M. C., Spencer, T., Wilens, T. E., MacPherson, H. A. in Faraone, S. V. (2008). Stimulant therapy and risk for subsequent substance use disorders in male adults with ADHD: A naturalistic controlled 10-year follow-up study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 597–603. CrossRef
Bohlin, G., Eninger, L., Brocki, K. C. in Thorell, L. B. (2012). Disorganized attachment and inhibitory capacity: Predicting externalizing problem behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: An Official Publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 40, 449–458. CrossRef
Bradshaw, J. (1996). Bradshaw on: The family. Deerfield Beach, FL, ZDA: Health Communications.
Brehaut, J. C., Miller, A., Raina, P. in McGrail, K. M. (2002). Childhood behavior disorders and injuries among children and youth: A population-based study. Pediatrics, 111, 262–269. CrossRef
Castellanos, F. X., Giedd, J. N., Marsh, W. L., Hamburger, S. D., Vaituzis, A. C., Dickstein, D. P., Sarfatti, S. E., Vauss, Y. C., Snell, J. W., Lange, N., Kayser, D., Krain, A. L., Ritchie, G. F., Rajapakse, J. C. in Rapoport, J. L. (1996). Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 607–616. CrossRef
Clarke, L., Ungerer, J., Chahoud, K., Johnson, S. in Stiefel, I. (2002). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with attachment insecurity. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 7, 179–198. CrossRef
Cockburn, J. in Holroyd, C. B. (2010). Focus on the positive: Computational simulations implicate asymmetrical reward prediction error signals in childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Brain Research, 1365, 18–34. CrossRef
Conners, C. K., Casat, C. D., Gualtieri, C. T. in Weller, E. (1996). Bupropion hydrochloride in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1314–1321. CrossRef
Dallos, R. in Smart, C. (2011). An exploration of family dynamics and attachment strategies in a family with ADHD/conduct problems. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 16, 535–550. CrossRef
Daly, J. M. in Wilens, T. (1998). The use of tricyclics antidepressants in children and adolescents. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 45, 1123–1135. CrossRef
DiScala, C., Lescohier, I., Barthel, M. in Li, G. (1998). Injuries to children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics, 102, 1415–1421. CrossRef
DuPaul, G. J., Anastopoulos, A. D., Kwasnik, D., Barkley, R. A. in McMurray, M. B. (1996). Methylphenidate effects on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Self-report of symptoms, side-effects, and self-esteem. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1, 3–15. CrossRef
DuPaul, G. J., Barkley, R. A. in Connor, D. F. (1998). Stimulants. V R. A. Barkley (ur.), Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (str. 510–551). New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Eakin, L., Minde, K., Hechtman, L., Ochs, E., Krane, E., Bouffard, R., Greenfield, B. in Looper, K. (2004). The marital and family functioning of adults with ADHD and their spouses. Journal of Attention Disorders, 8, 1–10. CrossRef
Edwards, G., Barkley, R. A., Laneri, M., Fletcher, K. in Metevia, L. (2001). Parent-adolescent conflict in teenagers with ADHD and ODD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: An Official Publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 29, 557–572. CrossRef
Erzar, T. in Kompan Erzar, K. (2011). Teorija navezanosti. Celje, SLO: Celjska Mohorjeva družba, Društvo Mohorjeva družba.
Everett, A. C. in Everett, S. V. (1999). Family therapy for ADHD: Treating children, adolescents, and adults. New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Faraone, S. V., Biederman, J., Lehman, B. K., Keenan, K., Norman, D., Seidman, L. J., Kolodny, R., Kraus, I., Perrin, J. in Chen, W. J. (1993). Evidence for the independent familial transmission of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities: Results from a family genetic study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 891–895. CrossRef
Filipek, P. A., Semrud-Clikemann, M., Steingard, R. J., Renshaw, P. F., Kennedy D. N. in Biederman, J. (1997). Volumetric MRI analysis comparing subjects having attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with normal controls. Neurology, 48, 589–601. CrossRef
Finzi-Dottan, R., Manor, I. in Tyano, S. (2006). ADHD, temperament, and parental style as predictors of the child's attachment patterns. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 37, 103–114. CrossRef
Fischer, M., Barkley, R. A., Edelbrock, C. S. in Smallish, L. (1990). The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria: II. academic, attentional, and neuropsychological status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 580–588. CrossRef
Frankel, F. in Feinberg, D. (2002). Social problems associated with ADHD vs. ODD in children referred for friendship problems. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 33, 125–146. CrossRef
Fuchs, T., Birbaumer, N., Lutzenberger, W., Gruzelier, J. H. in Kaiser, J. (2003). Neurofeedback treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: A comparison with methylphenidate. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 28, 1–12. CrossRef
Fussell, J. J., Macias, M. M. in Saylor, C. F. (2005). Social skills and behavior problems in children with disabilities with and without siblings. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 36, 227–241. CrossRef
Giedd, J. N., Castellanos, F. X., Casey, B. J., Kozuch, P., King, A. C., Hamburger, S. D. in Rapoport, J. L. (1994). Quantitative morphology of the corpus callosum in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 665–669. CrossRef
Gillberg, C. (2003). Deficits in attention, motor control, and perception: A brief review. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 88, 904–910. CrossRef
Goldwyn, R., Stanley, C., Smith, V. in Green, J. (2000). The Manchester Child Attachment Story Task: Relationship with parental AAI, SAT and child behaviour. Attachment & Human Development, 2, 71–84. CrossRef
Gostečnik, C. (2004). Relacijska družinska terapija [Relational family therapy] . Ljubljana: Brat Frančišek, Frančiškanski družinski inštitut.
Green, J., Stanley, C. in Peters, S. (2007). Disorganized attachment representation and atypical parenting in young school age children with externalizing disorder. Attachment & Human Development, 9, 207–222. CrossRef
Greene, R. W., Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Sienna, M. in Garcia-Jetton, J. (1997). Adolescent outcome of boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social disability: Results from a 4-year longitudinal follow-up study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 758–767. CrossRef
Guevremont, D. C. in Dumas, M. C. (1994). Peer relationship problems and disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 2, 164–172. CrossRef
Guttmann-Steinmetz, S., Gadow, K. D., DeVincent, C. J. in Crowell, J. (2010). Anxiety symptoms in boys with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, or chronic multiple tic disorder and community controls. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1006–1016. CrossRef
Hart, E. L., Lahey, B. B., Loeber, R., Applegate, B. in Frick, P. J. (1995). Developmental change in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in boys: A four-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: An Official Publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 23, 729–749. CrossRef
Harvey, E., Danforth, J. S., Eberhardt McKee, T., Ulaszek, W. R. in Friedman, J. L. (2003). Parenting of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): The role of parental ADHD symptomatology. Journal of Attention Disorders, 7, 31–42. CrossRef
Heiman, T. (2005). An examination of peer relationships of children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. School Psychology International, 26, 330–339. CrossRef
Holmberg, K. in Hjern, A. (2008). Bullying and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder in 10–year-olds in a Swedish community. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 50, 134–138. CrossRef
Holnthaner, R. (2008). Uporaba nevrofeedbacka pri obravnavi motenj pozornosti s hiperaktivnostjo ali brez nje – ADHD/ADD [Neurofeedback in ADHD/ADD treatment]. Psihološka obzorja, 17, 107–116.
Huss, M. in Lehmkuhl, U. (2002). Methylphenidate and substance abuse: A review of pharmacology, animal, and clinical studies. Journal of Attention Disorders, 6, S65–S71.
Johnston, C. in Mash, E. J. (2001). Families of children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendations for future research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4, 183–207. CrossRef
Kadesjo, B. in Gillberg, C. (2001). The comorbidity of ADHD in the general population of Swedish school-age children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 487–492. CrossRef
Kaplan, B. J., Crawford, S. G., Fisher, G. C. in Dewey, D. M. (1998). Family dysfunction is more strongly associated with ADHD than with general school problems. Journal of Attention Disorders, 2, 209–216. CrossRef
Kendall, J. (1999). Sibling accounts of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Family Process, 38, 117–136. CrossRef
Lahey, B. B. (2001). Should the combined and predominantly inattentive types of ADHD be considered distinct and unrelated disorders? Not now, at least. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8, 494–497. CrossRef
Lambert, N. M. in Hartsough, C. S. (1998). Prospective study of tobacco smoking and substance dependencies among samples of ADHD and non-ADHD participants. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 31, 533–544. CrossRef
Landau, S. in Moore, L. A. (1991). Social skill deficits in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. chool Psychology Review, 20, 235–251. Landau, S., Lorch, E. P. in Milich, R. (1992). Visual attention to and comprehension of television in attention-deficit hyperactivity disordered and normal boys. Child Development, 63, 928–937. CrossRef
Lange, G., Sheerin, D., Carr, A., Dooley, B., Barton, V., Marshall, D., Mulligan, A., Lawlor, M., Belton, M. in Doyle, M. (2005). Family factors associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and emotional disorders in children. Journal of Family Therapy, 27, 76–96. CrossRef
Leibson, C. L., Katusic, S. K., Barbaresi, W. J., Ransom, J. in O'Brien, P. C. (2001). Use and costs of medical care for children and adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 285, 60–66. CrossRef
Levy, F., Hay, D. A., McStephen, M., Wood, C. in Waldman, I. D. (1997). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A category or a continuum? Genetic analysis of a large-scale twin study. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 737–744. CrossRef
Lifford, K. J., Harold, G. T. in Thapar, A. (2008). Parent-child relationships and ADHD symptoms: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology: An Official Publication of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 36, 285–296. CrossRef
Lindahl, K. M. (1998). Family process variables and children's disruptive behaviour problems. Journal of Family Psychology, 12, 420–436. CrossRef
Lubar, J. F., Swartwood, M. O., Swartwood, J. N. in O'Donnell, P. H. (1995). Evaluation of the effectiveness of EEG neurofeedback training for ADHD in a clinical setting as measured by changes in T.O.V.A. scores, behavioral ratings, and WISC-R performance. Biofeedback & Self Regulation, 20, 83–99. CrossRef
Lynam, D., Moffitt, T. E. in Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1993). Explaining the relation between IQ and delinquency: Class, race, test motivation, school failure, or self-control? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 187–196. CrossRef
Lynskey, M. T. in Hall, W. (2001). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders: Is there a causal link? Addiction, 96, 815–822. CrossRef
McGee, R. in Share, D. L. (1988). Attention deficit disorder-hyperactivity and academic failure: Which comes first and what should be treated? Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 318–325. CrossRef
Mick, E., Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Sayer, J. in Kleinman, S. (2002). Case-control study of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and maternal smoking, alcohol use and drug use during pregnancy. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 378–385. CrossRef
Mikami, A. Y. (2010). The importance of friendship for youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 13, 181–198. CrossRef
Minde, K., Eakin, L., Hechtman, L., Ochs, E., Bouffard, R., Greenfield, B. in Looper, K. (2003). The psychosocial functioning of children and spouses of adults with ADHD. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 637–646. CrossRef
Moffitt, T. E. (1990). Juvenile delinquency and Attention Deficit Disorder: Boys' developmental trajectories from age 3 to age 15. Child Development, 61, 893–910. CrossRef
Mostofsky, S. H., Reiss, A. L., Lockhart, P. in Denckla, M. B. (1998). Evaluation of cerebellar size in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child Neurology, 13, 434–439. CrossRef
MTA Cooperative Group. (1999). Fourteen-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 1073–1086. CrossRef
Nixon, E. (2001). The social competence of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A review of the literature. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 6, 172–180. CrossRef
Oosterlaan, J., Scheres, A. in Sergeant, J. A. (2005). Which executive functioning deficits are associated with AD/HD, ODD/CD and comorbid AD/HD + ODD/CD? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33, 69–85. CrossRef
Pennington, B. F., Groisser, D. in Welsh, M. C. (1993). Contrasting cognitive deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder versus reading disability. Developmental Psychology, 29, 511–523. CrossRef
Pliszka, S. R. (2007). Pharmacologic treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Efficacy, safety and mechanisms of action. Neuropsychology Review, 17, 61–72. CrossRef
Pressman, L. J., Loo, S. K., Carpenter, E. M., Asarnow, J. R., Lynn, D., McCracken, J. T., McGough, J. J., Lubke, G. H., Yang, M. H. in Smalley, S. L. (2006). Relationship of family environment and parental psychiatric diagnosis to impairment in ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 346–354. CrossRef
Quay, H. C. (1997). Inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 7–13. CrossRef
Rapport, M. D. in Moffitt, C. (2002). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and methylphenidate: A review of height/weight, cardiovascular and somatic complaint side effects. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 1107–1131. CrossRef
Root, R. W. II in Resnick, R. J. (2003). An update on the diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34, 34–41. CrossRef
Rossiter, T. R. in La Vaque, T. (1995). A comparison of EEG biofeedback and psychostimulants in treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders. Journal of Neurotherapy, 1, 48–59. CrossRef
Rubia, K., Overmeyer, S., Taylor, E., Brammer, M., Williams, S. C. R., Simmons, A. in Bullmore, E. T. (1999). Hypofrontality in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during higher-order motor control: A study with functional MRI. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 891–896. CrossRef
Resnick, R. J. (2005). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in teens and adults: They don't all outgrow it. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 529–533. CrossRef
Santosh, P. J. in Taylor, E. (2000). Stimulant drugs. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 9, S27–S43. CrossRef
Satterfield, J. H., Cantwell, D. P., Lesser, L. I. in Posodin, R. L. (1972). Physiological studies of the hyperkinetic child: I. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 1418–1424. CrossRef
Schroeder, V. M. in Kelley, M. L. (2009). Associations between family environment, parenting practices, and executive functioning of children with and without ADHD. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18, 227–235. CrossRef
Seidman, L. J., Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Weber, W. in Ouellette, C. (1997). Toward defining a neuropsychology of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: Performance of children and adolescents from a large clinically referred sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 150–160. CrossRef
Snider, V. E., Frankenberger, W. in Aspenson, M. R. (2000). The relationship between learning disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A national survey. Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 28, 18–38.
Sorensen, L., Plessen, K. J., Nicholas, J. in Lundervold, A. J. (2011). Is behavioral regulation in children with ADHD aggravated by comorbid anxiety disorder? Journal of Attention Disorders, 15, 56–66. CrossRef
Spencer, T. J. (2009). Issues in the management of patients with complex ADHD symptoms. The Journal of Pediatrics, 154, S4–S12. CrossRef
Stein, M. A., Sarampote, C. S., Waldman, I. D., Robb, A. S., Conlon, C., Pearl, P. L., Black, D. O., Seymour, K. E. in Newcorn, J. H. (2003). A Dose-Response Study of OROS methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics, 112, 404–414. CrossRef
Stormont, M. (2001). Social outcomes of children with AD/HD: Contributing factors and implications for practice. Psychology in the Schools, 38, 521–531. CrossRef
Sung, V., Hiscock, H., Sciberras, E. in Efron, D. (2008). Sleep problems in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Prevalence and the effect on the child and family. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 162, 336–342. CrossRef
Szatmari, P., Offord, D. R. in Boyle, M. H. (1989). Ontario Child Health Study: Prevalence of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 219–230. CrossRef
Takeda, T., Stotesbery, K., Power, T., Ambrosini, P. J., Berrettini, W., Hakonarson, H. in Elia, J. (2010). Parental ADHD status and its association with proband ADHD subtype and severity. The Journal of Pediatrics, 157, 995–1000. CrossRef
Tomori, M. (1999). Duševne motnje v razvojnem obdobju [Developmental disorders]. V M. Tomori in S. Ziherl (ur.), Psihiatrija [Psychiatry] (str. 328–344). Ljubljana, SLO: Litterapicta, Medicinska fakulteta.
Tripp, G., Schaughency, E. A., Langlands, R. in Mouat, K. (2007). Family interactions in children with and without ADHD. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16, 385–400. CrossRef
Volkow, N. D. in Swanson, J. M. (2008). Does childhood treatment of ADHD with stimulant medication affect substance abuse in adulthood? The American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 553–555. CrossRef
Wiener, J. (2004). Do peer relationships foster behavioral adjustment in children with learning disabilities? Learning Disability Quarterly, 27, 21–30. CrossRef
Wilens, T. E., Biederman, J., Mick, E., Faraone, S. V. in Spencer, T. (1997). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with early onset substance abuse. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 185, 475–482. CrossRef
Wilens, T. E., Biederman, T. J. in Spencer, J. (2002). A review of the pharmacotherapy of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders, 5(4), 189–202. CrossRef
Zametkin, A. J., Nordahl, T. E., Gross, M., King, A. C., Semple, W. E., Rumsey, J., Hamburger, S. in Cohen, R. M. (1990). Cerebral glucose metabolism in adults with hyperactivity of childhood onset. The New England Journal of Medicine, 323, 1361–1366. CrossRef
Zhang, L., Jin, X. in Zhang, Y. (2011). Effect of methylphenidate on intelligence quotient scores in Chinese children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 31, 51–55. CrossRef