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Šolska klima pri medvrstniškem nasilju: zaznave opazovalcev in aktivnih udeležencev
Sonja Pečjak in Tina Pirc
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 449 | Napisan v angleščini. | Objavljeno: 28. september 2017
https://doi.org/10.20419/2017.26.470 | Citati: CrossRef (4)
Povzetek: Medvrstniško nasilje (MVN) je pojav, prisoten v vseh šolah. Pri omejevanju MVN ima šola kot institucija pomembno vlogo. Glavni cilj naše študije je bil ugotoviti, kako posamezne skupine učencev glede na vlogo v MVN (aktivni udeleženci: nasilneži, žrtve, žrtve-nasilneži in neaktivni udeleženci: opazovalci) zaznavajo šolsko klimo v povezavi z medvrstniškim nasiljem. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 414 učencev iz 18 osnovnih in srednjih šol. Uporabili smo Vprašalnik šolske klime pri medvstniškem nasilju (SCBS, Cornell, 2012), ki meri pojavnost različnih oblik MVN ter tri dimenzije šolske klime (dopuščanje nasilja, dopuščanje agresivnih stališč in spodbujanje iskanja pomoči). Rezultati so pokazali, da aktivni udeleženci MVN poročajo o pogostejši prisotnosti verbalnega in odnosnega nasilja (v 54 in 40 %) ter o pomembno manjši pogostosti pojavljanja fizičnega in spletnega nasilja (14 %). V zaznavah dimenzij šolske klime smo med skupinami učencev našli največje razlike pri dopuščanju agresivnih stališč učencev in iskanju pomoči. Ugotovili smo, da v zaznavah obeh dimenzij obstaja precejšnja podobnost med skupinama nasilnežev in nasilnežev-žrtev ter med skupinama žrtev in opazovalcev. Prvi dve skupini v pomembno večji meri zaznavata, da šolsko okolje dopušča agresivnost kot način afirmacije med vrstniki in v šoli nasploh ter da niti učitelji niti vrstniki ne zaustavljajo nasilja in da zato pri njih ni smiselno iskati pomoči. Rezultati potrjujejo obstoj povezanosti učenčevih zaznav šolske klime pri MVN in njihovega vedenja (vlog) pri tem nasilju.
Ključne besede: medvrstniško nasilje, zaznana šolska klima, nasilneži, žrtve, opazovalci
Citiraj:
Pečjak, S. in Pirc, T. (2017). School climate in peer bullying: observers' and active participants' perceptions. Psihološka obzorja, 26, 74–82. https://doi.org/10.20419/2017.26.470
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