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Motnje izločanja pri otrocih in mladostnikih: psihološka obravnava z vedenjsko-kognitivnim pristopom
Ivana Kreft Hausmeister in Valentina Stefanova Kralj
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 245 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 10. marec 2023
https://doi.org/10.20419/2023.32.573 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: Raziskave kažejo, da je primeren čas za začetek toaletnega treninga po 2. letu, saj takrat otroci dosežejo nadzor nad mišicami medeničnega dna in analnega sfinktra, vendar pa mora otrok prej osvojiti določene veščine, ki jih bo potreboval za toaletni trening. Te otroci dosežejo vsak ob svojem času. Zato klasifikacije opredelijo motnje izločanja šele po 4. oziroma 5. letu. Motnje izločanja so v mednarodni klasifikaciji DSM 5 opredeljene v dveh kategorijah: enureza in enkopreza (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). V psihološki praksi se z motnjami izločanja srečamo v okviru sistematskih pregledov ali pa so otroci napoteni zaradi negativnega vpliva, ki ga imajo motnje izločanja na otrokov socialni in čustveni razvoj. Pregled literature kaže, da je med najbolj učinkovitimi načini obravnave motenj izločanja vedenjska terapija oziroma izbrane tehnike, ki jih bomo v prispevku tudi predstavili.
Ključne besede: enkopreza, enureza, konstipacija, toaletni trening, psihoterapija, čustvene in vedenjske težave
Citiraj:
Kreft Hausmeister, I. in Stefanova Kralj, V. (2023). Motnje izločanja pri otrocih in mladostnikih: psihološka obravnava z vedenjsko-kognitivnim pristopom [Elimination disorder in children and adolescents: psychological treatment with behavioral and cognitive approach]. Psihološka obzorja, 32, 52–59. https://doi.org/10.20419/2023.32.573
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