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Psihosocialne značilnosti učencev kot napovedniki različnih oblik medvrstniške viktimizacije in nasilnega vedenja
Katja Košir, Tina Pivec, Lucia Klasinc, Tanja Špes in Marina Horvat
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 430 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 16. december 2018
https://doi.org/10.20419/2018.27.494 | Citati: CrossRef (2)
Povzetek: Sodobne razlage medvrstniškega nasilja kot enega ključnih vidikov, ki prispeva k razvoju dinamike medvrstniškega nasilja, predpostavljajo psihosocialne značilnosti učencev. Namen raziskave je bil preveriti zaznano oporo vrstnikov in učiteljev, socialno samopodobo, prijateljske odnose in zaznano priljubljenost kot napovednike telesne, besedne in odnosne viktimizacije ter izvajanja telesnega, besednega in odnosnega nasilja ter morebitno moderatorsko vlogo spola v tem odnosu. Ob tem smo želele preučiti tudi, ali zaznana opora učiteljev pojasnjuje dodaten delež variance v viktimizaciji in nasilnem vedenju, ki ga ni mogoče pojasniti s psihosocialnimi značilnostmi učencev. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 1905 učencev (49,9 % fantov) z 22 osnovnih šol. Za merjenje nasilja in viktimizacije so bile uporabljene tako mere samoporočanja kot mere vrstniških nominacij, psihosocialne značilnosti učencev so bile operacionalizirane bodisi kot samoocena bodisi kot mere vrstniških nominacij (prijateljstvo, priljubljenost). Rezultati so pokazali, da so napovedniki podobni za različne oblike viktimizacije; enako velja tudi za različne oblike nasilja. Zaznana opora vrstnikov in socialna samopodoba napovedujeta vse tri oblike viktimizacije. Starost učencev, s strani vrstnikov zaznana priljubljenost ter zaznana opora učiteljev napovedujejo vse tri oblike izvajanja nasilja. Spol učencev se kaže kot moderator odnosov med zaznano oporo učiteljev ter med besedno viktimizacijo ter med telesnim in besednim nasiljem; zaznana opora učiteljev je tako varovalni dejavnik proti besedni viktimizaciji le za dekleta ter proti izvajanju besednega in telesnega nasilja le za fante. Fantje, ki zaznavajo manj opore vrstnikov in ki imajo nižjo socialno samopodobo, poročajo o več telesne viktimizacije; dekleta, ki jih vrstniki zaznavajo kot bolj priljubljene v razredu, poročajo o več besedne viktimizacije.
Ključne besede: viktimizacija, medvrstniško nasilje, vrstniški odnosi, odnosi z učitelji, samopodoba
Citiraj:
Košir, K., Pivec, T., Klasinc, L., Špes, T. in Horvat, M. (2018). Psihosocialne značilnosti učencev kot napovedniki različnih oblik medvrstniške viktimizacije in nasilnega vedenja [Students' psychosocial characteristics as predictors of different forms of victimization and bullying]. Psihološka obzorja, 27, 171–186. https://doi.org/10.20419/2018.27.494
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