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Obojestranska prednost v vidnem delovnem spominu je opazna šele ob preseženi spominski kapaciteti posamezne hemisfere
Anka Slana Ozimič in Grega Repovš
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 223 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 12. november 2019
https://doi.org/10.20419/2019.28.503 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: Temeljno raziskovalno vprašanje na področju preučevanja vidnega delovnega spomina je, kateri mehanizmi vzdrževanja vidnih informacij so podlaga za njegovo omejeno kapaciteto. Študije kažejo na pomembno vlogo posteriornih področij možganov, ki omogočajo oblikovanje vidnih reprezentacij na podlagi kontralateralne organiziranosti vidnega sistema. Ta omogoča, da si posamezniki zapomnijo več informacij, kadar so te prikazane na obeh polovicah vidnega polja in jih posledično procesirata obe hemisferi. Gre za pojav, ki je poznan kot obojestranska prednost. Na podlagi dosedanjih spoznanj o obojestranski prednosti pri hranjenju vidnih informacij je bil cilj naše raziskave preveriti, na kateri stopnji obremenjenosti vidnega delovnega spomina pride do obojestranske prednosti in ali lahko udeleženci pri obojestranskem prikazu informacij popolnoma izkoristijo skupno spominsko kapaciteto leve in desne hemisfere. V eksperimentu je sodelovalo 18 študentov (13 žensk), starih med 19 in 41 let, ki so izvedli nalogo prepoznave sprememb, pri kateri so morali prepoznati spremembo v orientaciji objektov, prikazanih na levi, desni ali na obeh straneh vidnega polja. Rezultati so pokazali, da so si udeleženci zapomnili več vidnih informacij in podajali hitrejše odgovore, kadar so bili objekti razporejeni preko obeh polovic vidnega polja, kar je skladno s predpostavko, da pri obojestranskem prikazu objektov izkoriščamo kapaciteto obeh hemisfer. V nadaljevanju so rezultati pokazali, da je obojestranska prednost opazna šele takrat, ko obremenitev vidnega delovnega spomina preseže kapaciteto posamezne hemisfere. Kljub pomembni obojestranski prednosti le-ta udeležencem ne omogoča, da dosežejo skupno kapaciteto obeh hemisfer, kar nakazuje, da kapaciteta vidnega delovnega spomina ni omejena le s sposobnostjo oblikovanja reprezentacij, temveč da jo opredeljujejo omejitve dodatnega kognitivnega sistema.
Ključne besede: vidni delovni spomin, vidne reprezentacije, vzdrževanje, kapaciteta, obojestranska prednost
Citiraj:
Slana Ozimič, A. in Repovš, G. (2019). Obojestranska prednost v vidnem delovnem spominu je opazna šele ob preseženi spominski kapaciteti posamezne hemisfere [Bilateral advantage in visual working memory is observed when individual hemisphere’s capacity is exceeded]. Psihološka obzorja, 28, 110–122. https://doi.org/10.20419/2019.28.503
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