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Kodiranje informacije o vrstnem redu v delovnem spominu: pregled vedenjskih raziskav in kognitivnih mehanizmov
Barbara Dolenc in Grega Repovš
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 214 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 8. junij 2014
https://doi.org/10.20419/2014.23.391 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: Za kognitivne naloge višjega reda so izredno pomembni izvršilni procesi, med katere spada tudi kodiranje časovnega vrstnega reda informacij. Pomembno vprašanje je, kako se vrstni red kodira ter kateri kognitivni in živčni procesi tvorijo njegovo podlago. Namen pričujočega članka je povzeti izsledke raziskav, ki preverjajo, ali spomina za vrstni red in prepoznavo dražljajev temeljita na ločenih procesih, ter pregledati nekaj osnovnih kognitivnih mehanizmov, ki razlagajo kodiranje vrstnega reda informacij v delovnem spominu. Številne študije kažejo, da so informacije o lastnostih oziroma identiteti dražljajev ter njihovemu vrstnem redu v spominu predstavljene in procesirane ločeno, tako pri prepoznavi, kot pri priklicu. Ločeno procesiranje obeh vrst informacij podpirajo ne le vedenjske, temveč tudi številne slikovne študije. Kako se kodirajo informacije o vrstnem redu, skuša pojasniti več teoretskih modelov. V tem članku bomo pregledali štiri skupine modelov, ki temeljijo na mehanizmu meddražljajskih povezav oziroma verižnega kodiranja, mehanizmu neposrednega ali direktnega kodiranja, mehanizmu hierarhičnega kodiranja ter mehanizmu velikostnega kodiranja. Modeli se razlikujejo tako glede vedenjskih napovedi kot tudi glede predpostavljenih živčnih mehanizmov, na katerih temeljijo. Vsak izmed predlaganih mehanizmov pri tem uspešno pojasnjuje nekatere vidike procesiranja vrstnega reda, nobenemu pa ne uspe pojasniti vseh obstoječih spoznanj in rezultatov študij vrstnega reda. Spomin za zaporedje predstavlja kompleksen proces, zato je verjetno, da je vrstni red kodiran in procesiran s pomočjo več kot le enega mehanizma. Obstoječa spoznanja in modeli puščajo obilico odprtih vprašanj ter nakazujejo možnost obstoja več različnih vrst spomina za vrstni red informacij.
Ključne besede: delovni spomin, kodiranje vrstnega reda, kognitivni mehanizmi
Citiraj:
Dolenc, B. in Repovš, G. (2014). Kodiranje informacije o vrstnem redu v delovnem spominu: pregled vedenjskih raziskav in kognitivnih mehanizmov [Order information coding in working memory: Review of behavioural studies and cognitive mechanisms]. Psihološka obzorja, 23, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.20419/2014.23.391
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