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Kognitivno spodbudno okolje lahko ublaži višje nevronske potrebe za procesiranje vidnih dražljajev po večdnevni hospitalizaciji
Uroš Marušič, Rado Pišot in Vojko Kavčič
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 103 | Napisan v angleščini. | Objavljeno: 7. maj 2021
https://doi.org/10.20419/2021.30.536 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: Dolgotrajna obdobja popolne gibalne neaktivnosti ali horizontalnega ležanja sprožijo v človeškem telesu različne spremembe na funkcionalni in metabolni ravni. Prilagoditve centralnega živčnega sistema, povezane s horizontalnim ležanjem, so manj poznane in še ne dovolj preučene. Namen te raziskave je bil oceniti možganske elektrofiziološke spremembe z uporabo metode z dogodkom povezanih potencialov (ERP) po 14-dnevnem horizontalnem ležanju in 12 zaporednih vadbah računalniškega kognitivnega treninga (RKT). Šestnajst starejših (Mstarost= 60 let) zdravih prostovoljcev je bilo naključno razdeljenih v intervencijo RKT in aktivno kontrolno skupino. Vsi udeleženci so izvajali meritve ERP pred in po horizontalnem ležanju na podlagi fovealne vidne predstavitve kroga na črni podlagi. Po 14-dnevnem horizontalnem ležanju je analiza ERP pokazala povečano amplitudo P1 (p = ,012), zmanjšano latenco P1 (p = ,024) in povečano amplitudo P2 (p = ,036) pri kontrolni skupini, medtem ko sta se v skupini RKT latenci P1 (p = ,023) in P2 skrajšali (p = ,049). Naši rezultati kažejo, da daljša obdobja gibalne neaktivnosti ali horizontalnega ležanja sprožijo, tudi z vidika centralne prilagoditve, dodatno rekrutacijo nevronov, zato je treba taka obdobja zmanjšati na najmanjšo možno mero. Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi, da lahko RKT služi kot orodje za ublažitev upada. Prihodnje raziskave bi se morale osredotočiti še na druge vidike prilagajanja centralnega živčnega sistema po obdobjih imobilizacije/hospitalizacije, da bi izboljšali razumevanje posledic gibalne neaktivnosti in njenih učinkov na kortikalno aktivnost ter razvili ustrezne protiukrepe za blaženje funkcionalne disregulacije.
Ključne besede: imobilizacija, staranje, elektroencefalografija (EEG), računalniški kognitivni trening, z dogodkom povezani potenciali
Citiraj:
Marušič, U., Pišot, R. in Kavčič, V. (2021). Higher neural demands on stimulus processing after prolonged hospitalization can be mitigated by a cognitively stimulating environment. Psihološka obzorja, 30, 55–61. https://doi.org/10.20419/2021.30.536
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