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Spolne in nacionalne razlike v emocionalni inteligentnosti in empatiji: Primerjava hrvaškega in portugalskega vzorca
Jelena Pongrac, Tamara Mohorić in Petra Anić
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 339 | Napisan v angleščini. | Objavljeno: 13. marec 2019
https://doi.org/10.20419/2019.28.497 | Citati: CrossRef (0)
Povzetek: V raziskavi smo se osredotočili na odnos čustvene in kognitivne komponente empatije s sposobnostmi emocionalne inteligentnosti (označevanje, razumevanje in reguliranje čustev). Ker imata tako emocionalna inteligentnost kot empatija pomembno vlogo v človekovem družbeno-čustvenem zdravju in blagostanju, moramo bolje razumeti odnose med tema dvema sorodnima konstruktoma. Poleg tega smo z vzorci iz dveh različnih držav omogočili primerjavo na nacionalni ravni. V študiji sta sodelovala dva vzorca odraslih oseb iz Hrvaške (N = 138) in Portugalske (N = 138). V obeh vzorcih smo ugotovili zmerne pomembne korelacije med empatijo in emocionalno inteligentnostjo. Štiri dimenzije iz Indeksa medosebne odzivnosti (IRI; empatične skrbi, fantazije, osebne stiske in perspektive) so imele med seboj pomembno zmerno korelacijo s podobnimi vzorci korelacij v obeh vzorcih. Najvišje so bile korelacije za TEQ (afektivna komponenta empatije) in perspektive (kognitivna komponenta empatije) in različne komponente emocionalne inteligentnosti. Udeleženci portugalskega vzorca so imeli višje izraženo čustveno komponento empatije (empatična skrb in TEQ), kognitivna komponenta (perspektiva) pa je bila bolj izražena v hrvaškem vzorcu. Udeleženci portugalskega vzorca so imeli tudi višje dosežke na vseh treh komponentah emocionalne inteligentnosti kot udeleženci v hrvaškem vzorcu. Ne glede na državljanstvo so ženske imele višje dosežke na lestvicah empatična skrb, fantazija, zavzemanje perspektive in TEQ, medtem ko so moški dosegli višjo stopnjo osebne stiske. Kar se tiče emocionalne inteligentnosti, so ženske imele višje rezultate na ravni zaznavanja in razumevanja čustev.
Ključne besede: čustvena empatija, kognitivna empatija, emocionalna inteligentnost, medkulturne študije
Citiraj:
Pongrac, J., Mohorić, T. in Anić, P. (2019). Gender and national differences in emotional intelligence and empathy: Comparison of Croatian and Portuguese samples. Psihološka obzorja, 28, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.20419/2019.28.497
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