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Ali lahko izkušnjo kaznovanja v vzgoji iz otroštva povezujemo z depresivnimi ali s tesnobnimi stanji v odraslosti?
Saša Poljak Lukek
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 95 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 21. junij 2013
https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.366 | Citati: CrossRef (1)
Povzetek: Kaznovanje, ki ga razumemo kot odziv staršev na neželeno vedenje otroka in pomeni omejevanje takega vedenja, je sestavni del vzgojnega delovanja staršev v družini. Tesnobna in depresivna stanja skozi paradigmo afektivne regulacije predstavljajo ponovni neuspeli poskus približevanja in iskanja stika v odnosu. V raziskavi, v katero je bilo vključenih 197 posameznikov, smo preučevali povezave med kaznovanjem v vzgoji in motnjami razpoloženja v odraslosti. Depresivna stanja v odraslosti se statistično pomembno, vendar šibko pozitivno povezujejo z izkušnjo telesnega kaznovanja, kazni in restitucije ter psihičnega nasilja obeh izmed staršev. Tesnobna stanja se statistično pomembno, vendar šibko pozitivno povezujejo z izkušnjo psihičnega nasilja obeh staršev in z izkušnjo telesnega nasilja ter kazni in restitucije matere. Udeleženci, ki dosegajo kriterije za diagnozo depresije, so bili pri 10 letih starosti statistično pomembno pogosteje telesno kaznovani (od obeh staršev), vzgajani s kaznijo in z restitucijo (od očeta) ter s psihičnim nasiljem (od očeta) kot udeleženci brez diagnoze depresije. Paradigma afektivne regulacije je predstavljena kot možna razlaga povezav med izkušnjami kaznovanja kot vzgojnega sredstva v otroštvu in poznejšimi težavami v razpoloženju odrasle osebe. Kaznovanje v vzgoji, pri čemer starši ne ohranjajo stika z otrokom, je lahko prva izkušnja negativnega afekta, ki je jedro tesnobnih in depresivnih stanj. Motnje razpoloženja v odraslosti pa lahko razumemo kot ponovni neuspeh vzpostavitve ravnotežja med zunanjimi informacijami in notranjim doživljanjem, ki je bilo prvotno porušeno ob izkušnji kaznovalne vzgoje.
Ključne besede: vzgojne prakse, kaznovanje, depresivnost, anksioznost, uravnavanje čustev
Citiraj:
Poljak Lukek, S. (2012). Ali lahko izkušnjo kaznovanja v vzgoji iz otroštva povezujemo z depresivnimi ali s tesnobnimi stanji v odraslosti? [Can an experience of a punishment episode in childhood period be connected with depressive or anxiety conditions in adulthood?]. Psihološka obzorja, 21(3), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.366
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