« Nazaj na Letnik 21 (2012), Številka 3
Go to the article page in English / Pojdi na angleško stran članka
Ali lahko izkušnjo kaznovanja v vzgoji iz otroštva povezujemo z depresivnimi ali s tesnobnimi stanji v odraslosti?
Saša Poljak Lukek
Polno besedilo (pdf) | Ogledi: 94 | 
Napisan v slovenščini. | Objavljeno: 21. junij 2013
https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.366 | Citati: CrossRef (1)
Povzetek: Kaznovanje, ki ga razumemo kot odziv staršev na neželeno vedenje otroka in pomeni omejevanje takega vedenja, je sestavni del vzgojnega delovanja staršev v družini. Tesnobna in depresivna stanja skozi paradigmo afektivne regulacije predstavljajo ponovni neuspeli poskus približevanja in iskanja stika v odnosu. V raziskavi, v katero je bilo vključenih 197 posameznikov, smo preučevali povezave med kaznovanjem v vzgoji in motnjami razpoloženja v odraslosti. Depresivna stanja v odraslosti se statistično pomembno, vendar šibko pozitivno povezujejo z izkušnjo telesnega kaznovanja, kazni in restitucije ter psihičnega nasilja obeh izmed staršev. Tesnobna stanja se statistično pomembno, vendar šibko pozitivno povezujejo z izkušnjo psihičnega nasilja obeh staršev in z izkušnjo telesnega nasilja ter kazni in restitucije matere. Udeleženci, ki dosegajo kriterije za diagnozo depresije, so bili pri 10 letih starosti statistično pomembno pogosteje telesno kaznovani (od obeh staršev), vzgajani s kaznijo in z restitucijo (od očeta) ter s psihičnim nasiljem (od očeta) kot udeleženci brez diagnoze depresije. Paradigma afektivne regulacije je predstavljena kot možna razlaga povezav med izkušnjami kaznovanja kot vzgojnega sredstva v otroštvu in poznejšimi težavami v razpoloženju odrasle osebe. Kaznovanje v vzgoji, pri čemer starši ne ohranjajo stika z otrokom, je lahko prva izkušnja negativnega afekta, ki je jedro tesnobnih in depresivnih stanj. Motnje razpoloženja v odraslosti pa lahko razumemo kot ponovni neuspeh vzpostavitve ravnotežja med zunanjimi informacijami in notranjim doživljanjem, ki je bilo prvotno porušeno ob izkušnji kaznovalne vzgoje.
Ključne besede: vzgojne prakse, kaznovanje, depresivnost, anksioznost, uravnavanje čustev
Citiraj:
Poljak Lukek, S. (2012). Ali lahko izkušnjo kaznovanja v vzgoji iz otroštva povezujemo z depresivnimi ali s tesnobnimi stanji v odraslosti? [Can an experience of a punishment episode in childhood period be connected with depressive or anxiety conditions in adulthood?]. Psihološka obzorja, 21(3), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.20419/2012.21.366
Seznam literature v članku
Anderson, S. A. in Sabatelli, R. M. (2007). Family interaction: A multigenerational developmental perspective. Boston, MA, ZDA: Pearson Education.
Aucoin, K., Frick, P. J. in Bodin, S. D. (2006). Corporal punishment and child adjustment. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 27(6), 527–541. CrossRef
Barlow, D. H. in Durand, V. M. (2005). Abnormal psychology. An integrative approach. Belmont, CA, ZDA: Wadsworth.
Baumrind, D., Larzelere, R. E. in Cowan, P. A. (2002). Ordinary physical punishment: Is it harmful? Comment on Gershoff (2002). Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 580–589. CrossRef
Brown, T. A., Chorpita, B. F. in Barlow, D. H. (1998). Structural relationships among dimensions of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders and dimensions of negative affect, positive affect, and autonomic arousal. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(2), 179–192. CrossRef
Caprara, G. V., Regalia, C. in Bandura, A. (2002). Longitudinal impact of perceived self-regulatory efficacy on violent conduct. European Psychologist, 7(1), 63–69. CrossRef
Caprara, G. V., Scabini, E., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., Regalia, C. in Bandura, A. (1998). Impact of adolescents` percieved self-regulatory efficacy on familial communication and antisocial conduct. European Psychologist, 3(2), 125–132. CrossRef
Carver, C. S. in Scheier, M. F. (2003). Self-regulatory perspectives on personality. V T. Millon in M. J. Lerner (ur.), Handbook of psychology: Vol. 5. Personality and social psychology (str. 185–208). Hoboken, NJ, ZDA: Wiley & Sons.
Chorpita, B. F. in Barlow, D. H. (1998). The development of anxiety: The role of control in the early environment. Psychological Bulletin, 124(1), 3–21. CrossRef
Futa, K. T., Nash, C. L., Hansen, D. J. in Garbin, C. P. (2003). Adult survivors of childhood abuse: An analysis of coping mechanisms used for stressful childhood memories and current stressors. Journal of Family Violence, 18(4), 227–239. CrossRef
Gershoff, E. T. (2002). Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 539–579. CrossRef
Gostečnik, C. (2004). Relacijska družinska terapija [Relational family therapy] . Ljubljana, SLO: Brat Frančišek in Frančiskanski družinski inštitut.
Gostečnik, C. (2007). Relacijska zakonska terapija [Relational marital therapy] . Ljubljana: Brat Frančišek in Frančiškanski družinski inštitut.
Gostečnik, C. (2009). Me imata kaj rada [Do you two care about me] . Ljubljana: Brat Frančišek in Frančiškanski družinski inštitut.
Grogan-Kaylor, A. (2004). The effect of corporal punishment on antisocial behavior in children. Social Work Research, 28(3), 153–162. CrossRef
Harper, F. W. K. in Arias, I. (2004). The role of shame in predicting adult anger and depressive symptoms among victims of child psychological maltreatment. Journal of Family Violence, 19(6), 367–375. CrossRef
Hindy, C. G. in Schwarz, J. C. (1994). Anxious romantic attachment in adult relationships. V M. B. Sperling in W. H. Berman (ur.), Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspective (str. 179–203). New York, NY, ZDA: The Guilford Press.
Kornhauser, P. in Pleterski-Rigler, D. (2007). Zagotovimo našim otrokom mladost brez telesnega kaznovanja [Let us assure the youth without corporal punishment for our children]. V P. Kornhauser (ur.), Zagotovimo našim otrokom mladost brez telesnega kaznovanja [Let us assure the youth without corporal punishment for our children] (str. 54–98). Ljubljana, SLO: Zveza prijateljev mladine Slovenije.
Larzelere, R. E. (2000). Child outcomes of nonabusive and customary physical punishment by parents: An updated literature review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 3(4), 199–221. CrossRef
Lynch, S. K., Turkheim, E., D'Onofrio, B. M., Mendle, J., Emery, R. E., Slutske, W. S. in Martin, N. G. (2006). A genetically informed study of the association between harsh punishment and offspring behavioral problems. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(2), 190–198. CrossRef
Maccoby, E. E. in Martin, J. A. (1983). Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. V P. H. Mussen (ur.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (str. 1–101). New York, NY, ZDA: John Wiley.
MacMillan, H. L., Boyle, M. H., Wong, M. Y., Duku, E. K., Fleming, J. E. in Walsh, C. A. (1999). Slapping and spanking in childhood and its association with lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a general population sample. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 161(7), 805–820.
Miller, A. (1979). The drama of the gifted child: The search for the true self. New York: Basic Books.
Mulvaney, M. K. in Mebert, C. J. (2007). Parental corporal punishment predicts behavior problems in early childhood. Journal of Family Psychology, 21 (3), 389–397. CrossRef
Oddone Paolucci, E. in Violato, C. (2004). A meta-analysis of the published research on the affective, cognitive, and behavioral effects of corporal punishment. The Journal of Psychology, 138(3), 197–221. CrossRef
Olsen, L. R., Jensen, D. V., Noerholm, V., Martiny, K. in Bech, P. (2003). The internal and external validity of the Major Depression Inventory in measuring depressive states. Psychological Medicine, 33(2), 351–356. CrossRef
Olsen, L. R., Mortensen, E. L. in Bech, P. (2004). The SCL-90 and SCL-90R versions validated by item response models in a Danish community sample. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 110(3), 225–229. CrossRef
Peček Čuk, M. in Lesar, I. (2009). Moč vzgoje: Sodobna vprašanja teorije vzgoje [The power of childrearing: Current questions on the theory of childrearing] . Ljubljana: Tehniška založba Slovenije.
Poljak, S. (2009). Discipliniranje otrok v družini - načini, stališča in medgeneracijske povezave [Discplining children in the family: practices, attitudes and crossgenerational connections]. Psihološka obzorja, 18(4), 93–113.
Rothschild, B. (2000). The body remembers: The psychophysiology of trauma and trauma treatment. New York; NY, ZDA: W. W. Norton & Company.
Salkind, N. J. (2002). Child developement. New York, NY, ZDA: Micmillan Library Reference.
Socolar, R. R. S., Savage, E. in Evans, H. (2007). A longitudinal study of parental discipline of young children. Southern Medical Journal, 100(5), 472–477. CrossRef
Socolar, R. R. S., Savage, E., Keyes-Elstein, L. in Evans, H. (2005). Factors that affect parental disciplinary practices of children aged 12 to 19 months. Southern Medical Journal, 98(12), 1181–1191. CrossRef
Straus, M. A. (1994). Beating the devil out of them: Corporal punishment in American families. San Francisco, CA, ZDa: Jossey-Bass/Lexinton Books.
Straus, M. A. (2010a, 22. junij). International parenting study. Pridobljeno 1. spetembra 2010, s spletne strani http://pubpages.unh.edu/~mas2/IPS.htm
Straus, M. A. (2010b, 24. avgust). Preliminary list of nations in the international parenting study. Pridobljeno 1. oktobra 2010, s spletne strani http://pubpages.unh.edu/~mas2/IPS-Nations.htm
Straus, M. A. in Fauchier, A. (2007). Manual for the Dimensions of Discipline Inventory (DDI) . Durham, NH, ZDA: Family Research Laboratory.
Straus, M. A. in Field, C. J. (2003). Psychological aggression by American parents: National data on prevalence, chronicity and severity. Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(4), 795–808. CrossRef
Straus, M. A. in Mouradian, V. E. (1998). Impulsive corporal punishment by mothers and antisocial behavior and impulsiveness of children. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 16, 353–374. CrossRef
Straus, M. A. in Stewart, J. H. (1999). Corporal punishment by American parents: National data on prevalence, chronicity, severity, and duration, in relation to child and family characteristics. Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review, 2(2), 55–70. CrossRef
Straus, M. A., Sugarman, D. B. in Giles-Sims, J. (1997). Spanking by parents and subsequent antisocial behavior of children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 151(8), 761–767. CrossRef
Stuewig, J. in McCloskey, L. A. (2005). The relation of child maltreatment to shame and guilt among adolescents: Psychological routes to depression and delinquency. Child Maltreatment, 10(4), 324–336. CrossRef
Trumbull, D. A., Larzelere, R. E., Wolraich, M. in Trumbull, D. A. (1999). To spank or not to spank. Pediatrics, 103, 696–698. CrossRef
Citati prek sistema CrossRef (1)
Physical Violence and Scapegoating Within the Family: An Exploration of Biblical Texts and Contemporary Psychology
Saša Poljak Lukek, Tanja Pate, Christian Gostečnik
Journal of Religion and Health, 2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-023-01818-3
